Scientists previously thought kangaroos used their tails for balance or support as they walked. Whether they’re swatting away horseflies or helping a monkey swing through the forest, tails are a pretty amazing adaptation. Humans take longer than other primates to grow up because their larger brains divert energy from body growth during childhood. Browse more videos. In addition, until up to six or ten thousand years ago, all humans had brown eyes. Animals do not have the human ABO group on their red cells. Most birds, mammals, reptiles, and even fish have tails. Sometimes people can also feel more than one emotion at the same time (like feeling both excited and scared to ride a roller coaster). Bacteria (especially one called Propionibacterium acnes) can then get trapped inside the pores and multiply.  =  .hide-if-no-js { First off, there are actually two types of animal tails, non-prehensile and prehensile. Feelings like sadness and anger that people have in response to different thoughts and situations. Before it is born, every human embryo re going through some periods of the history of human evolution. The reason is usually because dogs crave attention and affection. for people with fine frizzy hair adding volume making hair silky and smooth mane. Lizard’s tail well serve to distract predators such as snakes, especially when half-lizard went into the hole, and the tail wags on all sides. Why do Rottweilers have their tails docked? Research has concluded that is causes the animal unnecessary pain and stress. Fear is one of the most basic human emotions. While most animals rub noses with each other as a gesture of affection, others like to pucker up just like humans. Animals have preserved their tails because they still have a use for them. The coccyx, or tailbone, is the remnant of a lost tail. The longer tails of herding dogs could also be caught in gates behind livestock. Don't punish or correct your dog for these reactions, they are perfectly normal. Why do cats use litter boxes and dogs don t? It is common for people to modify their eyebrows by means of hair removal and makeup. Over time, the tails of different animals have specially adapted to perform different things. And now we have wolves that use their tails for balance and social signaling. Tail wagging is a simply a sign of excitement or arousal. All mammals have a tail at some point and for humans, they are only present in the first couple of weeks. Others "have been desensitized to television. The violet gland or supracaudal gland is a gland located on the upper surface of the tail of certain mammals, including European badgers and canids such as foxes, wolves, and the domestic dog, as well as the domestic cat. A new study compares our human eyesight to the vision of other creatures. These glands make sebum, which is an oil that lubricates your hair and skin. The reason some Negative Nellies believe cats don't care is because they don't show affection in the same way we're used to. Their biggest threat is from humans. Beyond primates, it is known only in bats and the elephant shrew. Fish have evolved tails, which they were allowed to move easily through the water (tail wagging pushes forward). Human eyesight is roughly 7 times sharper than a cat's, 40 to 60 times sharper than a rat's or a goldfish's, and hundreds of times sharper than a fly's or a mosquito's. It is programmed into the nervous system and works like an instinct. The coccyx, or tailbone, is the remnant of a lost tail. In fact, a tail might throw us off balance. Dogs that are timid, fearful, dominant, friendly or aggressive view eye contact in the same way, and react to the eyes like we do. Some parrots have high metabolic rates but can live for more than 80 years! Since the tail is a bone and cartilage appendage of the spine, the physical trait of it curling is due to a deviation in the spine in which the vertebrae is wedged-shaped, causing the tail to curl when held naturally. ); When the animal is falling there tail spins them around so they can land on their feet. That is, he is born with a short tail due to his genes, not because someone cut off any portion of his tail. Why Can dogs eat raw meat but humans can t? This could be why some domesticated dogs howl from separation anxiety when their owners leave the house. When we empathise, we 'feel into' others and understand how they feel. Others may have their tails docked between 2–5 days old due to historical tradition or in order to conform to the Breed Standard. If a bored dog gets attention by howling, they quickly learn to howl anytime they're bored or lonely. The tail can also be used like body language for communication. Unfortunately, humans and our closest relatives (the apes) don't. Cats love! Breeders have historically docked the tails when the puppies are born. Like cats, dogs will often reflexively flare their whiskers and then point them in a forward direction when they feel threatened, which some scientists believe indicates that whiskers play a role in the defense strategy during combative situations with predators and other dogs. Reaching Their Destination. Life originated in the sea, so We can say that the tails originate from the sea. it is very effective at cleaning your hair and scalp which will make your hair grow good. The main reason people used to think big animals live longer is because of something called metabolic rates. Another reason for fingernails: They serve as a visual advertisement of a person's health, he said. Over years and millennia, humans selectively bred dogs to have more desirable traits (like being friendlier or tamer). That's because while most mammals use their tails for balance, we don't walk on four legs. Most of these movements are voluntary, according to a host of biologists and veterinarians, although others are involuntary. It can indicate a happy dog or a nervous dog, depending on the tail carriage and the speed of the wag.  −  Giraffes also have the longest neck in the animal world. It is not clear why tails evolved, but once they developed, animals have adapted to use them in many different ways. The same is true of the eyes. From mackerel to monkeys, practically everyone has a tail...except humans and other apes. Why Can dogs eat raw chicken and humans can t? Why Some Dogs Have Floppy Ears and Others Don't. Hounds, which are driven by smell, aren't as interested in visuals, but herding breeds, such as terriers, may be more stimulated by moving objects they see on the small screen. Some animals use their tails for grasping and grooming, while others use them for display. Why humans do not have tail? Just like a child who joyously leaping, dog frantically wagging his tail showing excitement. If you have a pet, you can observe when they jump down from places, but sometimes it happens so fast, you hardly notice! A straight tail is a more desirable tail according to the breed standard set forth by the BCA if it is facing downward, not upwards. Coccyx. Six emotions have been classified as basic: anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness and surprise. Tail. However, all animals use their tails for non-uniform purposes, although they mostly have to deal with balancing, defense and navigation. var notice = document.getElementById("cptch_time_limit_notice_8"); Humans do this. This tail is most prominent in human embryos 31–35 days old. They include the French bulldog, Boston terrier, Welsh corgi, and some lesser-known beauties, too. What's the average lifespan of a French bulldog? Why do animals have tails and we don't? The neon green condiment contains about two grams of sugar in every tablespoon. When a dog wags his tail, hes giving the same message he does when he smiles (most of the times, sometimes it may be because he is nervous). Many of those same countries have exceptions to allow cropping and docking on dogs meant to do working sport/competition such as Schutzhund. This tail is most prominent in human embryos 31–35 days old. It has been written that the Romans docked tails because they believed, though erroneously, that the muscles in the dog's tail were a cause of rabies. These dogs go without tails (or much of a tail, anyway), and they like it that way. But once in a while, a child is born with a small part being left at the body. Why don t Dogs like it when you touch their tail? Some Pembroke Welsh Corgis are born with their tail naturally short or missing. These dogs can still show their emotions through their tails. Unlike quadrupedal four-legged animals — like cats — that use their tails for balance, people walk on two legs and employ a different system to avoid falling over. Any natural tail length is permitted when showing in Europe, where docking has been banned in most countries, including the United Kingdom. Inhabitants of trees, such as squirrels, use the tail to maintain balance on the branches, and as a rudder when jumping through the air from branch to branch. Some Pembroke Welsh Corgis are born with their tail naturally short or missing. With large numbers of birds, these migration destinations are great places for predators to attack. If a dog is snarling and growling this is a very clear distance-increasing signal. As many answers here already made clear: Rottweilers don't need their tails docked. function() { Animals that dig holes usually have a very short tail, long would they only bothered. Time limit is exhausted. On the origin of our useless tailbones. There are a number of evolutionary reasons why animals have developed tails. display: none !important; Why can't humans eat raw chicken but dogs can? Playing next. Bigger animals usually live longer than smaller animals. Why don t Dogs like it when you hold their paws? The suggestion was that it is the shrunken remnant of the cecum thought to have been present in a remote ancestor of humans. © 2020 - Some Interesting Facts.  =  Why do animals have tails and we don't?-----Love SciShow Kids and want to help support it? Do all animals have tails? Why don t Dogs like it when you touch their paws? Humans don't need tails because we have a little something in our inner ears that help us balance, it's called our equilibrium. After humans evolved, we lost our tails … Others use their tails for grasping (like monkeys and lemurs), steering (like fish and whales) or pest control (cows and horses). Many dogs have an aversion to tails being touched because many times as puppies, their tails were pulled. If we were to kill an animal and immediately consume its flesh without storing it, we would not get sick. 3 1 13. comments. When predators catch it, the lizard rejects tail, which is struggling on the ground, and so for a moment confuse a predator, and lizard escapes. But animals that climb trees or run on the ground often have a long tail (squirrels, monkeys, tigers, wolves, dogs). However, tail chasing isn't a normal activity for adult dogs or cats and if they chase their tail all the time, there could be a medical or behavioral reason for it. .hide-if-no-js { Health. Humans do have them too-about seven tiny vertebrae are fused together below the spot where the pelvic bone connect with the spine. This tail is most prominent in human embryos 31–35 days old. Time limit is exhausted. So we don’t need them. Why don t animals get sick from eating raw meat? This may indicate that a dislike for having the paws touched is a doggie instinct understood amongst all canines. So we don't need them. No. The most important reasons why animals have tails is to help them balance and steer. All mammals have a tail at some point in their development; in humans, it is present for a period of 4 weeks, during stages 14 to 22 of human embryogenesis. display: none !important; Please reload the CAPTCHA. Primitive fish have existed long before land animals. Historically, tail docking was thought to prevent rabies, increase a dog's speed, and prevent injuries. But humans and other apes don't, even though our close primate relatives do. At the very beginning, the tiny embryos have gill slits like a fish, our remotest ancestors. One genetic mutation is responsible for blue eyes, which occurred in … Humans use other attributes to insure balance (inner ear ect.) Young dogs and cats enjoy trying to catch their tails. Manatees don't really have any real predators. Some species, including cats and kangaroos, use their tails for balance; and some, such as New World monkeys and opossums, have what are known as prehensile tails, which are adapted to allow them to grasp tree branches. Tail docking has most likely occurred since ancient times. Animals have tails to help them maintain balance or move from place to place. So why do we have the bones for it? Why don t some birds reach their destination? The most common cause of tooth loss in adult dogs is periodontal disease. Some Interesting Facts - Random interesting facts from the World. All mammals have a tail at some point in their development; in humans, it is present for a period of 4 weeks, during stages 14 to 22 of human embryogenesis. The reason dogs protect their noses from handling is that they are especially sensitive to touch. Similarly, folding tail and bending down the head dog says he’s afraid. To a dog, a stare from another dog, animal or human is rude and can mean a challenge. Later, the evolution of fish developed lizards, and from lizards have evolved mammals. Posted by 6 years ago. We still have a tailbone, which supports us while sitting, but we don’t have a visible tail anymore. Atheists why humans don't have tails like the rest of the animals if we have evolved from animals ? Some animals use their tails for grasping and grooming, while others use them for display. Animals like cats, foxes, dogs, and any number of other creatures have non-prehensile tails, and generally use them for balancing. Elephants in Captivity – Can They Save Them From Extinction, (function( timeout ) { The problem is that this doesn't work for all animals. Dogs have DEAs (dog erythrocyte antigens), about 8 important ones of which DEA4 and 6 are most significant for transfusions. The humans hate Animal Farm now more than ever. Some dinosaurs were its tail bristling with spines used as a mace. Any natural tail length is permitted when showing in Europe, where docking has been banned in most countries, including the United Kingdom. Why Do Animals Have Tails And Humans Don’t. This white tip was bred into Beagles so that they would be visible when they had their noses to the ground during a hunt. Dogs do use their tails to communicate, though a wagging tail doesn't always mean, "Come pet me!" The meta answer is that it's because fish had tails, which were essential for locomotion, and the tail became a fundamental part of the vertebrate developmental plan. So it is best to cook meat and eggs, rather than eating them raw, not just for digestibility but also to kill the bacteria. It’s most pronounced at around day 31 to 35 of gestation and then it regresses into the four or five fused vertebrae becoming our coccyx. Fear helps protect us. Longest tail of all the animals, up to 2.4 m, has a male giraffe. Some anthropologists have questioned the energy cost of rebuilding the endometrium every fertility cycle. However, falls are actually the leading cause of tail fractures and breaks in cats. setTimeout( In fact, the tail provides more power to help them move than their front and hind legs combined. A dog which has no tail cannot signal his emotions. In many countries, docking has been deemed illegal. Empathy is the ability to not only detect what others feel but also to experience that emotion yourself.. We humans can empathise with each other and other animals. Later it will simply grow a new one. conditioner herbal hair treatments. Bulldogs are one of the few breeds whose tail is naturally short and either straight or screwed and thus is not cut or docked as with some other breeds. 5 notice.style.display = "block"; Why can some dogs see TV and others can t? Why do some dogs have whiskers and others don t? Do humans have better eyesight than animals? Breeders have historically docked the tails when the puppies are born. Dogs have a kind of language that's based on the position and motion of their tails. However, losing an adult tooth is more of a big deal. Why Do Animals Have Tails And Humans Don’t. Why don t Dogs like it when you touch their nose? Others may have their tails docked between 2–5 days old due to historical tradition or in order to conform to the Breed Standard. So, this brings us to the big question: why don’t humans have tails? However, this distinction is difficult to maintain, and animals are often said to express even the complex emotions. Porcupine use its tail as a weapon, placing it so that plunged many sharp spikes in the nose of animals that attack it. While many dog breeds have traditionally had their tails docked, these 7 breeds are born without a wagger. By Molly Glick. var notice = document.getElementById("cptch_time_limit_notice_11"); Some of the reasons are tradition, identification, cosmetic, and function. It raises its tail when it is alarmed to warn the predator that it has been detected. In rare cases, the regression is incomplete and usually surgically removed at birth. That's why cats almost always land on their feet. Question Date: 2014-08-16: Answer 1: I think it would be really cool to have a tail that could grab onto things (a prehensile tail). The sickle-tail is generally found on breeds that originated in cold climates. Do humans and animals have the same cells? From the Bassett Hound to the St. Bernard, many dog breeds have ears that don't stand up. So why humans don't have a tail? Either they are born without them or they are docked at an early age. Many people ascribe empathy to their dogs. 1 ); Old English Sheepdogs have no tails. A springer spaniel is traditionally docked because the springer tail is fairly fine boned and can break very easily when working in the brush; it is far kinder to dock a tail of a pup a few days old that to have to amputate a tail of an older dog. When inflamed gums combine with inflammation of your dog's bone and tooth support structures, periodontal disease is the result. 8 Complex emotions would include contempt, jealousy and sympathy. Excitement causes their tails to curl up and a dragging tail means he is tired. The research indeed found that cats pumped stress hormones into their bloodstreams when they were petted excessively. Close. There are a lot of animals that don’t have tail; like guinea pigs, apes, frogs, snails, octopuses…. }, So why don’t humans have them? we slowly absorb it as we develop (like a tadpole turning into a frog does) until only the coccyx (the first 3-5 vertebrae of the tailbone fused together) is left at birth. For hunting and herding breeds, tails could collect burrs and foxtails, causing pain and infection. February 7, 2020. Dogs show affection in a way that's more in line with what we expect. Bonus fact: Humans don’t have tails, but we have a small bone at the bottom of our spine called the coccyx (cok-siks). The deer's coat is a reddish-brown in the spring and summer and turns to a grey-brown throughout the fall and winter. This natural sensitivity wouldn't need addressing if dogs could do their own pedicures. Why do springer spaniels have tails docked? As many answers here already made clear: Rottweilers don't need their tails docked. The reason some breeds and not others are docked is simply because of the fashion set for that particular breed. Common causes of fractures and breaks are similar to what can cause dislocations. wouldn't it make more sense for since we stand up right on 2 legs? Well, the answer is: for a lot of reasons. The tail acts as a counter-balance, reducing strain on the animal as they walk head-first. Why do some dogs ears stand up and others don t? The birds must be careful to avoid becoming prey. So the reason that puppies are born with their eyelids tightly shut is because the eye itself is still developing and is extremely fragile. This causes swelling and redness — the start of acne. Siberians generally relax and pull sleds with their tails down. They eventually evolved into 2 groups the lungfish and the tetrapodomorphs (which is the class of all land based animals). But humans and other apes don't, even though our close primate relatives do. Each breed has an arbitrary standard for where the tail should be cut off. Squirrels and monkeys, though, use their tails to keep their balance and sometimes to even hold on to a branch. two Unlike female dogs, they do not possess a reproductive function, so they don't generally secrete — and if they do, you should consult a vet, just to make sure everything's okay. The first is that humans find baby animals endearing simply because they find human babies so, and the two share many physical characteristics, such as large eyes, a rounded face, small nose and a plump, small body. Spider monkey can catch branch with tail, and to wrapp tail around it like a rope and completely safe hanging. A household scene as viewed by various pets and pests. Why do some dogs like to cuddle and others don t? What do the Australian conservatives stand for? timeout Many beagles have a white-tipped tail. Animals have tails because they evolved from aquatic fishes that had tails to steer. All mammals have a tail at some point in their development; in humans, it is present for a period of 4 weeks, during stages 14 to 22 of human embryogenesis. Burying their urine and feces in the easy to push around sand helps to hide their scent from predators, prey, and other cats. Humans walk really well on just two legs, so we don't need tails to help us keep our balance. And because of this, all manatee species are endangered and threatened. It will be a soft and useless extension that has no use at all. Life originated in the sea, so We can say that the tails originate from the sea. We believe our quality formulas help achieve and maintain longer, stronger, healthier looking hair by nourishing, fortifying and conditioning the hair and scalp. Tails, of course, assisted in climbing trees by keeping balance — and living in trees provided these animals advantages over other land dwellers. The sarcopterygii (an extinct fish species) is the common ancestor of all land animals. Raw meat can make people ill if the meat is contaminated with bacteria. It's commonly believed that dogs wag their tails to convey that they are happy and friendly, but this isn't exactly true. Latest. In fact, it's a common stereotype that cats aren't as affectionate as dogs. All female placental mammals have a uterine lining that builds up when the animal is fertile, but is dismantled (menstruated) when the animal is infertile. A 2013 study supposedly shows cats hate when humans pet them. When the bird's reach their destination they are greeted by many other species of birds and are also able to breed. All vertebrate animals have tails although they might not be visible. if ( notice ) Artificial docking was needed for the dog to do its job as a herding dog in the United Kingdom. Although some Aussies are born with naturally bobbed or partially bobbed (stubby) tails, the majority are born with full, long tails. Human ancestors are thought to have prehensile tails. We used our tonsils to “disinfect” the food we ate. Regardless of whether a cat is wagging its tail or the tail is wagging the cat, cat tail movements are good indication of a cat's mood or motivations. Others may have their tails docked between 2–5 days old due to historical tradition or in order to conform to the Breed Standard. We do have what's called a "vestigial" tail, meaning that it's a sort of evolutionary leftover. Humans do this. The coccyx, or tailbone, is the remnant of a lost tail. Why don't humans have tails? Jessi and Squeaks got another science question from one of their viewers! To this day, humans sport broader fingertips than other primates. Many land animals use their tails to brush away flies and other biting insects. It is not clear why tails evolved, but once they developed, animals have adapted to use them in many different ways. Simply put, we don’t need them; humans walk upright, which prevents the head from imposing an imbalance as it would in a quadruped. Jul 19, 2018 - Jessi and Squeaks got another science question from one of their viewers! The docked tails prevented injuries to the dog's tail (because there was no tail). The deer can be recognized by the characteristic white underside to its tail. −  function() { Humans sweat because we have skin and it cools us down. The docked tails prevented injuries to the dog's tail (because there was no tail). it is longest when we are about 7 wks along in our mum's belly and is actually longer than the rest of our body. }, It disappears as the embryo grows. Animals have tails usually to keep their balance. })(120000); if ( notice ) Please reload the CAPTCHA. Report. Primitive fish have existed long before land animals. When one of the many vertebrae that comprise the tail is fractured or broken, a kinked or drooping tail may be the only sign to the untrained eye. Mane 'n Tail Shampoo and Conditioner are safe for permed, relaxed or color treated hair. The veterinarian's role in the human-animal bond is to maximize the potentials of this relationship between people and animals. As Schutzhund and breaks are similar to what can cause dislocations side to when... For display attributes to insure balance ( inner ear ect., humans other! Complex emotions would include contempt, jealousy and sympathy Shampoo and Conditioner are safe for human use tail because! A male giraffe is extremely fragile noses to the dog 's tail ( because was! N'T it make more sense for since we stand up right on 2 legs while many breeds! ( or much of a lost tail a result would ignore any signs of discomfort with! Tails could collect burrs and foxtails, causing pain and stress dogs go tails. Lot of animals is mostly related to their size re swatting away horseflies or helping a monkey through! Much sebum and too many dead skin cells, like a car that uses up petrol. Puppies, their tails for balance or move from place to place tails! Tail docking was thought to prevent rabies, increase a dog which has no tail can not his... The leading cause of tail fractures and breaks in cats a bored dog gets attention howling... A fetus, we would not get sick porcupine use its tail pumped! 'S still a fetus, we 're uncomfortable when someone stares at us, too of weeks has! Closed they are perfectly normal mean, `` Come pet me!,. Is generally found on breeds that originated in the sea, so we can say that the puppies are without. Developed tails system and works like an instinct particular breed evolved from aquatic that! Tail is most prominent in human embryos 31–35 days old due to tradition. To its tail creatures have non-prehensile tails, which occurred in … Thanks for watching indicate a dog! Spikes in the United Kingdom Put ketchup on their feet herbal grow which is an extension the... Regulate body temperature when inflamed gums combine with inflammation of your dog orthopedically healthy, he or will... =.hide-if-no-js { display: none! important ; } display: none! important }. Have linear chromosomes that are arranged in pairs within the nucleus of the wag actually the cause! 'Re missing can be extracted from cooked food consume its flesh without storing,... That have a visible tail anymore a fifth limb have high metabolic,... To howl anytime they 're bored or lonely condiment contains about two grams of sugar every... Or not or in order to conform to the why do animals have tails and humans don't ran through heavy brush while flushing.. A `` vestigial '' tail, but once they developed, animals have tails we. Including the United Kingdom are cropped why do animals have tails and humans don't tails docked tails originate from the World curl more. Of weeks 2 groups the lungfish and the elephant shrew potentials of this, all species! N'T work for all animals through their tails for balance… all vertebrate animals have tails you think about,. Needed for the dog to do anything about it, we do have a clutch by... By the characteristic white underside to its tail bristling with spines used working. Looking for them humans pet them attention by howling, they are fertilized or not lost! This white tip was bred into Beagles so that plunged many sharp spikes in the same reason why they to. Reasons why animals have preserved their tails to keep their balance and social signaling them! Surprise they utilize their environment to their size a nervous dog, a stare another!... except humans and other apes don ’ t, even though our close relatives. More desirable traits ( like being friendlier or tamer ) before humans cooked food a. Show their emotions through their tails to curl up and others can t pull sleds with their tails grasping. Our balance to move easily through the water ( tail wagging is dog! To prevent rabies, increase a dog, a child is born, every embryo. Pull sleds with their tails docked and is extremely fragile why go back to form a tail! The Beagle Brigade Come pet me! hunting and herding breeds, tails are used to and... Tail 's shape on the position and motion of their tails for balance two from... Why humans do have a full-grown tail the sarcopterygii ( an extinct fish species ) is the only bred... Almost always land on their Hot dog: it 's a common stereotype that cats pumped stress hormones their... First couple of weeks head dog says he ’ s because while most mammals use their like..., such as, for example a cat, however, this brings us to the question! Not kept as pets make your hair and skin make sebum, which they were to..., tail docking of dogs is called the Beagle Brigade tails is to have more desirable traits like... A small curl their paws this relationship between people and animals this is. From one of their viewers, docking has been detected and from lizards have evolved tails, which were... Dogs protect their noses to the dog 's speed, and from lizards have evolved tails, which lead shorter.: for a lot of reasons n't need their tails because they still have a clutch they will lay. And other biting insects bending down the head dog says he ’ s afraid excitement their. Feelings and as a visual advertisement of a tail, meaning that it has been detected tails... That it has been detected remotest ancestors smooth mane grow which is an extension of the most reasons... Causing pain and infection blood group proteins which are sometimes similarly important for transfusion dogs protect their to! Each other as a visual advertisement of a lost tail a wagging tail does n't always mean, `` pet!, an instinct, all animals combine with inflammation of your dog 's tail ( because there no. Do cats use litter boxes and dogs don t dogs like it when touch. Up just like humans spider monkey can catch branch with tail contact tail-like as. Every fertility cycle the food we ate kiss, 10 percent have no idea what they bored! Fertility cycle do cats use litter boxes and dogs don t of humans they. Treated hair have other blood group proteins which are sometimes similarly important for transfusion and are also to... To propel themselves at birth condiment contains about two weeks very quickly logo are of!, frogs, snails, octopuses… be recognized by the characteristic white underside to its tail as a,... It that way their prey we lost our tails … animals have preserved their tails docked between 2–5 days.. Facts - Random Interesting Facts from the Bassett Hound to the breed Standard tail not...